Quick Start
有寫過Java Servlet的人一定知道,程式進入點是web.xml,Spring也不例外
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
version="2.4">
<listener>
<listener-class>my.config.MyContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/mvc-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
說明:
SpringMVC
在收到request後,會交由同一個固定的servlet分派至不同controller,這個servlet稱為DispatcherServlet
。DispatcherServlet
通過contextConfigLocation
這個參數,定義所有的controller。本例為url為/
開頭的,全都由DispatcherServlet分派,分派的controller定義在mvc-config.xml
。- 注意!
DispatherServlet
的url-pattern
若定義/*
,會無法進入.jsp!
mfc-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="my.controller" />
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 本例使用@Annotation的方式定義controller路徑
<bean name="/helloworld" class="my.controller.HelloworldController">
<property name="viewPage">
<value>hello</value>
</property>
</bean>
-->
</beans>
說明:
<context:component-scan>
相當於在java裡定義@ComponentScan({"your.java.package"})
,告訴Spring要掃描的package<mvc:annotation-driven/>
使用@Annotation的方式定義controllerviewResolver
定義view: 如果在controller回傳ModelAndView
物件時,可以直接server render。
Controller
@Controller
public class HelloworldController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/helloworld", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public String helloworld(HttpServletRequest request) {
return "Hello_World";
}
}
說明
- class上方請宣告
@Controller
- method上方請宣告
@RequestMapping
,代表相應的url - 宣告
@ResponseBody
代表回傳的是一個response body(string, ...),如果沒定義,則會進到mvc的view流程。
Folder Tree
測試
瀏覽器上輸入:
http://localhost:8080/mySpringConfigedByXml/helloworld